I have been the family member of someone living in a nursing home and I have also worked in nursing homes, assisted living facilities, retirement homes, and memory care communities for close to 23 years. It has been my experience that, as with all things, there are good homes and bad homes. I must say that most senior facilties try to do a good job of taking care of the residents.
Most states have an Ombudsman program or an Abuse Hotline. Information about that should be posted in the facility, but if not, you can look it up in the phone book under the state's department of social and health services or the equivalent. Anonymous calls can be made to the hotline and they will trigger an investigation by the state.
Be sure that what you are looking at is abuse. Often a resident will be told they have to do something for themselves as part of a therapy program and it can look pretty cold-hearted. They may be on a fluid restriction diet, so staff doesn't get them water when they ask, or they are allergic or restricted from certain kinds of food due to a medical condition. They may be asking for pain medication too close to the last dose. Residents can be forgetful and they can be manipulative. It's best to try and clarify; ask the staff if there is a medical reason the person can't have or do something. They can say say yes or no without breaching confidentiality.
Abuse and neglect are clearly defined in most state's regulations. Neglect is the failure to provide needed services, such as not helping someone to eat if they can't do it themselves or not taking them to the bathroom. Abuse can be physical (hitting, pinching, locking in a room, etc.), sexual (inappropriate touching, rape, etc.), emotional (placing in uncomfortable social settings, isolation, etc.), verbal (threatening, demeaning, swearing at, etc.) or financial (misuse of personal items, stealing money or belongings, etc.). If a resident states that they have been harmed in any of these ways, it must be investigated both by the facility and the state.
Before you place your loved on in a home, ask to look at the most recent survey (inspection) results. Talk to other residents and to family members. Look at several homes; don't go with the first one you see. Don't allow a hospital to rush you into making a choice. I advice people to shop for a home BEFORE you need one, so you aren't looking when it is a crisis. Most homes will be happy to have you and the prospective resident join them for lunch or dinner and in some of the planned activities. Most have respite programs where you can stay for 3 to 30 days. This is a great program as it provides caregivers with a break as well as lets the resident 'test the waters' and ease into moving into a care setting. And if you have moved in already and feel that it was a poor choice, don't hesitate to give notice and move to another community - you are the consumer, not a prisoner!
Michael A. Bower, BA. ACC, Life Enrichment Consultant
I hope this helps any current or future senior care residents.